Jan 16, 20 potential sources and reservoirs of a serratia outbreak. Serratia marcescens definition of serratia marcescens by. The patient had no contact with healthcare workers or facilities and had no chronic disease. The aim of this study was to investigate an outbreak of serratia marcescens at the orthopaedic clinic of the clinical center university of sarajevo. Two nosocomial outbreaks of sepsis caused by serratia marcescens, which occurred in tokyo were the following cases. The cases occurred between february 1964 and july 1965 in a maternity hospital in jutland. Serotyping and antibiograms suggested a single endemic strain. Frequent nosocomial urinary tract infection 10 5 organisms ml with nonpigmented serratia marcescens was found in patients on the urology ward of a large veterans hospital. The importance of the air conditioner duct as a nosocomial. It can often involve the lungs as a nosocomial hospitalacquired infection. Comite technique national des infections nosocomiales. Serratia species are gramnegative bacilli of the enterobacteriaceae group of bacteria, although they are not a common component of healthy human fecal flora.
Postoperative serratia marcescens wound infections traced to. All the five cases were immunocompromised one patient was a case of diabetes with hypertension with hemiparesis, the second case was of meningitis, two cases were of chronic myeloid leukaemia cml which were on chemotherapy and the fifth patient was a case of burns. Between february and march 20, 2 neonates and 2 infants previously hospitalised in the neonatal unit of a tertiary care centre in switzerland, were found. As with most types of bacterial infection, the main treatment for serratia marcescens is antibiotics. The serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility patterns suggested a few endemic strains of serotypes o, o23, o1214, and nontypable strains. Serratia marcescens until the 1960s, serratia marcescens was considered harmless so safe, in fact, that the. Symptoms of serratia marcescens skin infections doctor. National outbreak of serratia marcescens bloodstream. We report on nosocomial infections caused byserratia marcescens occurring in a neonatal intensive care unit and a childrens ward for cardiac intensive care. According to the plasmid pattern analysis, all isolated epidemic strains belonged to one clone.
Pulmonary serratia infection radiology reference article. Serratia marcescens, a rodshaped gramnegative bacterium 0. Pdf nosocomial outbreak of serratia marcescens in a. Sixteen cases of serratia marcescens bacteremia were seen in three hospitals. Serratia marcescens infection symptoms download here free healthcaremagic app to ask a doctor all the information, content and live chat provided on the site is intended to be for informational purposes only, and not a substitute for professional or medical advice. Serratia marcescens microbiology the typespecies of the gramnegative serratia, widely present in the environment, and occasional cause of hospitalacquired infections asssociations contaminated fluids, equipment, cleaning solutions, hands, v nursetopt ratio. Serratia marcescens a species found in water, soil, milk, foods, and silkworms and other insects. Rao md serratia marcescens serratia marcescens is a motile, short rodshaped, gramnegative, facultative anaerobe bacterium, classified as an opportunistic pathogen. Severe osteomyelitis and septic arthritis due to serratia. Most patients had severe underlying disease and had been treated with antibiotics prior to development of bacteremia. All the five cases were immunocompromised one patient was a case of diabetes with hypertension with hemiparesis, the second case was of meningitis, two cases were of chronic myeloid leukaemia cml which were on chemotherapy and the fifth. Serratia marcescens the type species of the genus serratia. The primary pathogenic species is serratia marcescens.
It is a facultative anaerobe that can grow in the presence and absence of oxygen at temperatures between 30c and 37c. Serratia marcescens is a common bacterium that can cause a number of serious opportunistic infections in hospital patients. Five patients had organisms other than s marcescens isolated from blood. Mar 01, 2018 kirschke dl, jones tf, craig as, et al. Nosocomial serratia marcescens infections associated with extrinsic contamination of a liquid nonmedicated soap.
Serratia marcescens nosocomial infections of the urinary. In the early part of the 20 th century, serratia marcescens was considered a nonpathogenic organism and was used in medical experiments and as a biological warfare test agent 1. Intensive care units are often involved in the epidemics of the colonization and the infection with serratia marcescens. Serratia marcescens antimicrobial resistance infection.
Serratia marcescens and klebsiella were the cause of an epidemic. Serratia marcescens nosocomial infections of the urinary tract associated with urine measuring containers and urinometers. Acute communicable disease control 2005 special reports hospital outbreaks serratia marcescens and cardiothoracic surgery page 25 subsequently defined as a patient with a s. Serratia marcescens a rare opportunistic nosocomial. In october, a patient exposed to scrub nurse a who wore artificial fingernails and to another nursebut not to. A prolonged outbreak december 1980 to july 1982 of nosocomial urinary tract infections appeared to be due to strains of serratia marcescens that were resistant to currently available antibiotics. It was discovered in 1819 by bartolomeo bizio in padua, italy. A multistate outbreak of serratia marcescens bloodstream infection associated with contaminated intravenous magnesium sulfate from a compounding pharmacy.
These three bacteria can cause a wide variety of infections, including bacteremia, surgical site infections, intravascular catheter infections, and respiratory or urinary tract infections that manifest as pneumonia, cystitis, or pyelonephritis. These three bacteria can cause a wide variety of infections, including bacteremia, surgical site infections, intravascular catheter infections, and respiratory or urinary tract infections that manifest as pneumonia, cystitis, or pyelonephritis and that may. Nosocomial urinary tract infection with serratia marcescens. Serratia can cause infection of the blood sepsis, wound infections, and infections of the endocardium of the heart and the urinary and respiratory tracts.
The acute form presents as cellulitis or abscess formation. This paper records cases of infection in newborn babies in which achromogenic serratia marcescens played at least a major role. Dec 11, 2017 many outbreaks due to serratia marcescens among neonates have been described in the literature but little is known about the role of whole genome sequencing in outbreak analysis and management. All survivors had organisms sensitive to at least one antibiotic and had been treated with the appropriate antibiotic. Pulmonary serratia infection refers to pulmonary involvement by the organism serratia marcescens which is a gramnegative bacilli of the enterobacteriaceae group of bacteria. An outbreak of serratia marcescens infection in a special.
Serratia marcescens is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium that is widely distributed in the environment. Nosocomial infections infection acquired in the hospital. Bulletin epidemiologique hebdomadaire, 1997, no 36. Serratia marcescens infections in premature infants. Extended epidemic of nosocomial urinary tract infections. Serratia marcescens is a wellestablished as a nosocomial pathogen, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Nosocomial outbreak of serratia marcescens in a neonatal intensive care unit article pdf available in infection control and hospital epidemiology 238. Serratia marcescens is a human pathogenic species of serratia. In taiwan, 92% of the strains are resistant to cefotaxime, but 99% are still susceptible to ceftazidime. Seven patients survived the septicemia, nine did not. Nosocomial serratia marcescens infections associated with extrinsic contamination of a liquid nonmedicated soap march 2000 infection control and hospital epidemiology 2. Here, we report a case of septic arthritis and severe adjacent osteomyelitis of the tibia due to serratia marcescens in a diabetic communitydweller patient. Multidrug resistance, even to cephalosporins of the third generation and amikacin, was characteristic for all strains. A gramnegative bacillus of the enterobacteriaceae family, serratia marcescens is an organism known to cause bacteremia, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, endocarditis, meningitis, and septic arthritis.
Multistate outbreak of serratia marcescens bloodstream infections caused by contamination of prefilled heparin and isotonic. To our knowledge, this is the first reported health careassociated serratia marcescens outbreak of wound and soft tissue infection in which the source of the outbreak was fully defined. During the next 7 days, 5 more patients from the same icu showed signs of infection with serratia marcescens. Serratia marcescens was originally considered to be an innocuous, non pathogenic, saprophytic water organism and it was often used as a biological marker because of its easily recognizable red colonies. Nov 22, 2012 during the next 7 days, 5 more patients from the same icu showed signs of infection with serratia marcescens. Management and investigation of a serratia marcescens. Nosocomial serratia marcescens infections associated with. Nosocomial infections george washington university. Opportunistic infections caused by serratia marcescens.
Serratia marcescens is gramnegative facultative anaerobic bacillus, belonging to the enterobacteriaceae family. Jul 27, 2017 serratia marcescens is a common bacterium that can cause a number of serious opportunistic infections in hospital patients. The clinical manifestations of these infections include cellulitis, abscesses, fluctuant nodules, or granulomatous lesions. Ten critically ill patients presenting with nosocomial infection caused by serratia marcescens sm not responding to prior chemotherapy were treated in an open study with moxalactam 1 mox alone 6 or in combination with an aminoglycoside 4. Serratia marcescens infectious disease and antimicrobial agents.
The clinical and bacteriological features of 16 patients with septicemia due to serratia marcescens are described. Cycle 24 organism 7 serratia marcescens thistle qa. Serratia marcescens is the most common species of serratia found in hospitals, and the only pathogenic species of serratia, except for rare reports of diseases resulting from infection with serratia plymuthica,serratia liquefaciens, serratia rubidaea, and serratia odorifera. Once considered a harmless saprophyte, serratia marcescens is now recognized as an important opportunistic pathogen combining a propensity for healthcareassociated infection and antimicrobial resistance.
Many outbreaks due to serratia marcescens among neonates have been described in the literature but little is known about the role of whole genome sequencing in outbreak analysis and management. Symptoms of respiratory infection include sore throat and nasal and chest congestion. Two nosocomial outbreaks of sepsis caused by serratia. These findings highlight important characteristics of serratia and raise the possibility that a source other than the hands of health staff membersnamely, a reusable medical devicemay have been responsible for this recent infection and potential outbreak of serratia in a nicu. An outbreak of multidrugresistant serratia marcescens. Extended spectrum betalactamases are produced by most s marcescens strains. Moxalactam in nosocomial infections with serratia marcescens.
It is occasionally recognized as a cause of hospitalacquired infections, which can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Apr 07, 2012 serratia marcescens symptoms are commonly associated with urinary tract infections, but in 30% to 50% of reported cases, there are no symptoms to assist diagnosis. Each of 10 patients who became infected in a 27day prospective study had an indwelling foley catheter p pdf available in infection control and hospital epidemiology 238. Wound and soft tissue infections of serratia marcescens in. Serratia infections definition of serratia infections by. Serratia marcescens and cardiothoracic surgery page 23 serratia marcescens outbeak associated with cardiothoracic surgery background serratia marcescens is an aerobic gramnegative bacillus that thrives in moist environments. Clinical and microbiological survey of serratia marcescens infection during hiv disease. Serratia marcescens a rare opportunistic nosocomial pathogen. Serratia marcescens synonyms, serratia marcescens pronunciation, serratia marcescens translation, english dictionary definition of serratia marcescens. It causes secondary infections such as urinary, respiratory, wound and septic arthritis, peritonitis and sinusitis.
Proper medical treatment results in a good clinical response in most cases 2, 3. International data on antimicrobial susceptibility of serratia and other. Outbreak of nosocomial urinary tract infections caused by. In recent years a significant increase in the incidence of serratia marcescens infections was noted at the chang gung memorial hospital, taoyuan, taiwan. Prevention of serratia infections in neonatal intensive care. Serratia marcescens, a gramnegative rod from the enterobacteriaceae family, has been reported at the center of nosocomial outbreaks in various healthcare settings, including neonatal units, 1 maternity wards, 2, 3 and medical and surgical units. Serratia marcescens is the most common species of serratia found in hospitals, and the only pathogenic species of serratia, except for rare reports of diseases resulting from infection with serratia plymuthica, serratia liquefaciens, serratia rubidaea, and serratia odorifera. Serratia marcescens outbreak in a neonatal intensive care. In the early part of the 20 th century, serratia marcescens was considered a nonpathogenic organism and was used in medical experiments and as a biological warfare test agent. An outbreak of nosocomial infections of the urinary tract due to a multiply drugresistant strain of serratia marcescens occurred at a community hospital. Request pdf an outbreak of serratia marcescens infection in a specialcare baby unit of a community hospital in united arab emirates. Infections with klebsiella, enterobacter, and serratia are often hospitalacquired and occur mainly in patients with diminished resistance. The disease is commonly known as either serratia plymuthica, serratia liquefaciens, serratia rubidaea, serratia odorifera, or serratia fonticola.
Serratia marcescens is a potential cause of infectious keratitis that appears to be associated with abnormal corneal surface, topical medications, and contact lens wear. Serratia marcescens is a member of the genus serratia, which is a part of the family enterobacteriaceae. In initial disc diffusion tests, all isolates of sm were highly susceptible to mox. Nowadays this microorganism is an accepted clinical pathogen, causing pneumonia, urinary tract infections, septicemia and meningitis, particularly in high risk settings. A serratia infection is an infection caused by this bacterial species, that can affect almost every system in humans, including the urinary tract, respiratory tract, meninges, wounds, heart and abdomen.
The patient had no contact with healthcare workers or facilities and had no chronic. The official journal of the society of hospital epidemiologists of america, 2, 196199. This is a good example of how a microbiology laboratory can assist through infection control. In cases where serrtia marcescens symptoms are observed, they include fever, frequent urination and pain during urination.
Serratia marcescens septicemia jama internal medicine. The cdc definition of nosocomial infections revised. Necrotizing cellulitis with multiple abscesses on the leg. Serratia marcescens microbiology the typespecies of the gramnegative serratia, widely present in. Dec 17, 2011 serratia marcescens is a human pathogenic species of serratia. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens contamination associated with a manufacturing defect in bronchoscopes. Serratia marcescens can be deadly in humans as documented in 1996 when the center for. Serratia marcescens infections volume 7 issue 5 jacques f. S marcescens is naturally resistant to ampicillin, macrolides, and firstgeneration cephalosporins. Nosocomial infections due to serratia marcescens clinical. Multidrug resistance, even to cephalosporins of the third generation and amikacin, was characteristic for. Portals of entry included intravenous cannulas and pulmonary, urinary, peritoneal, and. Between february and march 20, 2 neonates and 2 infants previously hospitalised in the neonatal unit of a tertiary care centre in switzerland, were found to be colonised with s.
It can naturally occur in soil and water as well as in the intestine. The incidence of skin infections caused by serratia marcescens is extremely low and such infections are typically observed in immunocompromised patients. Serratia marcescens an overview sciencedirect topics. Septic arthritis and osteomyelitis due to serratia marcescens in immunocompetent patients without risk factors are extremely rare.
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